The roots of Nokia go back to the year 1865 with the establishment of a forest industry enterprise in South-Western Finland by mining engineer Fredrik Idestam. Elsewhere, the year 1898 witnessed the founding of Finnish Rubber Works Ltd and, in 1912, Finnish Cable Works. Gradually, the ownership of these two companies (along with Nokia) began to shift into hands of just a few owners. Then finally, in 1967, the three companies merged to form Nokia Corporation.